原標(biāo)題：三個(gè)月大時(shí)養(yǎng)狗與防止食物過(guò)敏有關(guān)
　　背景：預(yù)防食物過(guò)敏是減輕過(guò)敏性疾病負(fù)擔(dān)的關(guān)鍵優(yōu)先事項(xiàng)。環(huán)境暴露會(huì)調(diào)節(jié)食物過(guò)敏的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，其中一些可能是由嬰兒的微生物群所介導(dǎo)的。然而，潛在保護(hù)性環(huán)境暴露的作用，如養(yǎng)寵物，在食物過(guò)敏方面基本上沒(méi)有研究。 
　　方法：我們?cè)凇霸儐?wèn)耐受性”（EAT）研究中進(jìn)行了第二次隊(duì)列分析，該研究將1303名三個(gè)月大的嬰兒納入一項(xiàng)預(yù)防食物過(guò)敏的隨機(jī)試驗(yàn)。一項(xiàng)關(guān)于寵物飼養(yǎng)的調(diào)查，參與者在入組時(shí)接受了過(guò)敏性皮炎（AD）的檢查。在3、12、36個(gè)月時(shí)，通過(guò)皮膚和血清檢測(cè)引起過(guò)敏的食物和空氣過(guò)敏原。食物過(guò)敏狀態(tài)是由1~3年雙盲安慰劑食物激發(fā)試驗(yàn)來(lái)確定的。 
　　結(jié)果：6.1%（68/1124）的參與者診斷出食物過(guò)敏。食物過(guò)敏與早期剖腹產(chǎn)、感染或抗生素使用之間沒(méi)有明顯關(guān)系。使用家族性過(guò)敏性疾病、狗/貓致敏和AD的數(shù)據(jù)校正后，與狗一起生活的嬰兒發(fā)生食物過(guò)敏的幾率降低90%（調(diào)整校正后的比值比（aOR）0.10（置信區(qū)間（CI）0.01‐0.71），P=0.02）。至少有兩只狗的49名嬰兒中，沒(méi)有一個(gè)嬰兒出現(xiàn)食物過(guò)敏，這表明它們之間存在劑量-反應(yīng)關(guān)系（每只狗的aOR為0.12（CI為0.02‐0.81），P=0.03）。養(yǎng)狗或養(yǎng)貓與AD的發(fā)生沒(méi)有關(guān)系。 
　　結(jié)論：在嬰兒期養(yǎng)狗可以防止食物過(guò)敏。


延伸閱讀
Allergy
Dog ownership at three months of age is associated with protection against food allergy
DOI: 10.1111/all.13868 
Abstract:
Background: The prevention of food allergy is a key priority for reducing the burden of allergic disease. Environmental exposures modulate the risk of developing food allergy and some of this may be mediated by the infants’ developing microbiome. However, the role of potentially protective environmental exposures, such as pet ownership, is largely uninvestigated with respect to food allergy. 
Methods: We performed a secondary cohort analysis in the Enquiring About Tolerance (EAT) study, which enrolled 1303 three‐month infants onto a randomized trial to prevent food allergy. A survey elicited domestic animal ownership and participants were examined for atopic dermatitis (AD) at enrolment. Sensitization to foods and aeroallergens were elicited by skin and serum testing at 3, 12 and 36 months. Food allergy status was determined by double‐blind placebo‐controlled food challenges between 1 and 3 years. 
Results: Food allergy was diagnosed amongst 6.1% (68/1124) of participants with complete data. No significant relationships were demonstrated between food allergy and caesarean delivery, infections or antibiotic exposure in early life. After adjusting for familial atopic disease, maternal dog/cat sensitization and participant AD, living with dogs was associated with a 90% reduction in the odds of infants developing food allergy (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 0.10 (confidence interval (CI) 0.01‐0.71), P = 0.02). None of the 49 infants living with at least two dogs developed food allergy, suggesting a dose‐response relationship (each dog owned aOR 0.12 (CI 0.02‐0.81) P = 0.03). No relationship was demonstrated between owning dogs or cats and the development of AD. 
Conclusion: Dog ownership in infancy may prevent food allergy. 
First Author:
Tom Marrs 
Correspondence:
Tom Marrs, Paediatric Allergy Department, Women and Children’s Health, King’s College London, London, UK 
All Authors:
Tom Marrs，Kirsty Logan，Joanna Craven，Suzana Radulovic，W.H.A. Irwin McLean，Gideon Lack，Carsten Flohr，Michael R. Perkin
　　創(chuàng)建過(guò)敏性疾病的科研、科普知識(shí)交流平臺(tái)，為過(guò)敏患者提供專業(yè)診斷、治療、預(yù)防的共享平臺(tái)。