原標(biāo)題：歐洲多國調(diào)查評估花生過敏對社會心理的影響
背景：花生過敏（PA）是生活中常見的能危及生命的一種疾病，往往會伴隨終生且產(chǎn)生極大的疾病負(fù)擔(dān)。但是，國際社會上缺乏有關(guān)花生過敏對花生過敏患者（PwPA）及其看護(hù)者們社會心理影響的信息。在歐洲開展“花生過敏對情感和生活的影響”的調(diào)查，研究與花生過敏患者一起生活的經(jīng)歷和影響，其數(shù)據(jù)用于評估PA對PwPA及其看護(hù)者們社會心理的影響。
方法：“花生過敏對情感和生活的影響”是一項在歐洲8個國家開展的，由八位患者倡導(dǎo)小組的代表和五位醫(yī)療保健研究專家共同主持的線上調(diào)查。符合條件的受訪者群體包括：診斷為花生過敏的成人（自訴）；父母/非父母看護(hù)者（花生過敏兒童的代理報告）；以及父母/非父母看護(hù)者（自訴花生過敏對其自身有影響）
結(jié)果：在總共1846名研究對象中，有419位花生過敏成人患者（自訴），546位是父母/看護(hù)者（代理報告），881名是父母/陪護(hù)者（自訴）。大多數(shù)受訪者表示生活中在飲食（84%-93%）方面受到限制較大，其他像聚會、社交、度假及乘坐公共交通工具等方面也受到一定程度的限制（53%-89%）。大約40%的人稱自己為“非?！本趩屎汀胺浅！本o張，三分之二（65%）的人感到與社會存在隔閡，43%的人在生活中曾受到欺壓，只有不到一半的人知道何時使用腎上腺素自動注射器。本調(diào)查還觀察到不同國家間存在差異，例如愛爾蘭的受訪者表現(xiàn)出高度不確定性和高度緊張，德國受訪者的焦慮率最高，法國受訪者普遍感到被社會排斥和被孤立。
結(jié)論：花生過敏對患者本人及其看護(hù)者們的社會心理都會產(chǎn)生不利影響，導(dǎo)致出現(xiàn)沮喪、緊張和孤立等情感，因此在研究和臨床實踐中應(yīng)當(dāng)關(guān)注花生過敏在醫(yī)療保健和公共教育方面的問題。


延伸閱讀
Allergy                                                    
A multiple-country European survey assessing the psychosocial impact of peanut allergy
DOI: 10.1111/all.14363
Abstract:
Background: Peanut allergy (PA) is a common, potentially life-threatening and typically lifelong condition with a significant burden of illness. However, information is lacking on how persons with PA (PwPA) and their caregivers perceive the psychosocial impact of living with PA. The Allergy to Peanuts imPacting Emotions And Life 1(APPEAL-1) survey, conducted across Europe, investigated the experience and impact of living with PA. Here, we report data evaluating the psychosocial impact of PA on PwPA and their caregivers.
Methods: Allergy to Peanuts imPacting Emotions And Life study 1 was an online survey conducted in eight European countries. Representatives of eight patient advocacy groups and five healthcare-research specialists developed the survey. Eligible respondent groups included the following: adults diagnosed with PA (self-report);parent/nonparent caregivers (proxy-report for a child with PA); and parent/nonparent caregivers (self-report of PA impact on themselves).
Results: Of 1846 total study respondents, 419 were adults with PA (self-report); 546 were parents/caregivers (proxy-report); and 881 were parents/caregivers (selfreport). Most respondents reported lifestyle restrictions regarding food (84%-93%) and additional domains including parties and socializing, holiday activities and destinations, and taking public transport (53%-89%). Approximately 40% rated themselves as “very” frustrated and “very” stressed. Two-thirds (65%) felt socially isolated; 43% were bullied. Less than half felt confident in knowing when to use an adrenaline autoinjector. Several intercountry differences were observed such as high levels of uncertainty and stress in respondents from Ireland, highest rates of anxiety in respondents from Germany, and social exclusion and isolation most common in respondents from France.
Conclusion: Peanut allergy imposes an adverse psychosocial impact on patients and caregivers, leading to frustration, stress and isolation. Attention to the impact of PA is needed in research and clinical practice to improve PA healthcare and public education programmes.
First Author:
Audrey DunnGalvi
Correspondence:
School of Applied Psychology and Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
All Authors:
Audrey DunnGalvin, Katharina Blumchen, Frans Timmermans, Lynne Regent, Sabine Schnadt, Marcia Podestà, Angel Sánchez, Pascale Couratier, Mary Feeney, Betina Hjorth, Ram Patel, Tessa Lush, Robert Ryan, Andrea Vereda, Montserrat Fernández-Rivas, Helen R. Fisher
2020-11-20 Article 
　　創(chuàng)建過敏性疾病的科研、科普知識交流平臺，為過敏患者提供專業(yè)診斷、治療、預(yù)防的共享平臺。