原標(biāo)題：母親在懷孕期間使用煙草制品和后代過(guò)敏
背景：人們對(duì)母親在懷孕期間使用加熱煙草制品（HTPs）與后代過(guò)敏之間的關(guān)系知之甚少。本研究旨在確定母親使用HTP是否與其后代過(guò)敏有關(guān)，并評(píng)估潛在的劑量－反應(yīng)相關(guān)性。
方法： 2021年7月和8月在日本進(jìn)行的這項(xiàng)基于網(wǎng)絡(luò)的橫斷面調(diào)查中，我們調(diào)查了5688對(duì)產(chǎn)后婦女和嬰兒（<3?年），報(bào)告了嬰兒哮喘、鼻炎、結(jié)膜炎或特應(yīng)性皮炎的臨床診斷。我們使用多水平泊松回歸估計(jì)了按妊娠期交叉分類的HTP類別嬰兒過(guò)敏的患病率（PR）和95%置信區(qū)間（CI），并對(duì)潛在的協(xié)變量進(jìn)行了調(diào)整，包括母親吸煙和伴侶吸煙狀況。非吸煙者作為參考組。
結(jié)果：總的來(lái)說(shuō)，2.4%的婦女在懷孕期間使用HTP，7.8%的嬰兒出現(xiàn)過(guò)敏。目前使用HTP者的后代在妊娠期間過(guò)敏患病率增加了15.2%（PR=1.98，95%CI 1.28–3.05）；這種關(guān)聯(lián)在妊娠早期最為明顯，但在懷孕前和產(chǎn)后減弱。觀察到了劑量－反應(yīng)相關(guān)性，例如，妊娠期間母親每日HTP使用量增加一個(gè)單位與過(guò)敏發(fā)作增加5%有關(guān)。排除懷孕期間吸煙者的亞組分析和使用兒童哮喘和過(guò)敏國(guó)際研究問(wèn)卷進(jìn)行的敏感性分析顯示了類似的模式。
結(jié)論：母親在懷孕期間使用HTP與后代過(guò)敏有關(guān)。


原始出處
Allergy                                                  
Maternal heated tobacco product use during pregnancy and allergy in offspring
DOI: 10.1111/all.15536
Abstract:
Background: Little is known about the association between maternal use of heated tobacco products (HTPs) during pregnancy and the onset of allergy among offspring. This study aimed to determine whether maternal HTP smoking is associated with allergy in their offspring and to evaluate the potential dose–response association.
Methods: In this web-based, cross-sectional survey conducted in July and August 2021 in Japan, we investigated 5688 pairs of postpartum women and infants (<3?years). Clinical diagnoses of infant asthma, rhinitis, conjunctivitis, or atopic dermatitis were reported. Using multilevel Poisson regression, we estimated the prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of allergy in infants with HTP smoking categories cross-classified by pregnancy periods, and adjusted for potential covariates including maternal cigarette smoking and partner's smoking status. Non-smokers served as the reference group.
Results: In total, 2.4% women smoked HTPs during pregnancy. Allergy occurred in 7.8% of the infants. The prevalence of allergy increased among the offspring of current HTP smokers during pregnancy at 15.2% (PR = 1.98, 95% CI 1.28–3.05); this association was the most pronounced during the first trimester but attenuated before pregnancy and postpartum. Dose–response associations were observed, for example a one-unit increase in daily maternal HTP use during pregnancy was associated with a 5% increase in allergy onset. Sub-group analyses excluding cigarette smokers during pregnancy and sensitivity analyses using the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood questionnaire showed a similar pattern.
Conclusion: Maternal HTP smoking during pregnancy is associated with allergy in the offspring.
First Author:
Masayoshi Zaitsu
Correspondence:
Masayoshi Zaitsu, Center for Research of the Aging Workforce, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 807-8555, Japan.